PALI-AIKE NATIONAL PARK
SAN GREGORIO COUNTY
PATAGONIA / CHILE
It is located 122 miles northeast of the city of Punta Arenas . There are numberless volcanic cones of low height, natural caves, lava formations, irregular extensions and ravines that resemble a lunar landscape.
Pali-Aike cave is a cone of slag. In this place Junius Bird (1938) made archaeological excavations, finding prehistorical remains covered by a level of ashes and volcanic material.
It is a very important archaeological area, since there has been found the more ancient human population of Magallanes, with about 15,000 years, determined and characterized by five cultural units differentiated by its sociocultural characteristics, made evident by its implements, mortuary modes, hunting systems, etc.
It covers a 3,000 hectares extension and it's located at the driest section of the Magellan steppe, in San Gregorio county, province of Magallanes . This area is settled on ancient slag of basaltic lava, which gives it a great archaeological significance. The place is natural residence of guanacos, foxes, armadillos, wild cats and bats, among others.
The lava composition is suitable to the Extra Andean or Eastern series, constituted mainly by alkaline basalts of olivine, nefelinitas, hawaiitas, with bigger silica content in the newer lavas.
Part of its vegetation is composed of a great steppe variety such as Festucetum gracillimae, Festuca gracillina, Poa abari, Stipa chrysophylla, Stipa ameghinoi, Nardophyllum bryoides, Azorella caespitosa, Valeria carnosa, Empetrum rubrii, Festuca Magellanica, festuca pyrogea, Perzia recurvata, Baccharis patagonica, Ramalina terebrata, Stipa Rhyzocarpon, etc.
By the singular characteristics of this volcanic field, its origin, magnitude, location inside the steppe zone, its scarce evolve modification, constitutes an ideal place for geological, archaeological and other scientific disciplines studies.
FELL CAVES
Close to the county capital, Punta Delgada (Villa O'Higgins), at the banks of Rio Chico, in the first decades of the 20th century numberless rests of Tehuelches aborigines were found. As a sign of it, at present it may be seen abundant cave paintings.

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